Antinuclear antibodies – what to do with them?

Diagnosis of nearly all systemic inflammatory connective tissue diseases requires confirmation of the presence of autoantibodies. In clinical practice, usually for this purpose antinuclear antibodies (ANA) are used.
The paper presents the diagnostic and prognostic significance of antinuclear antibodies. The author presents the current proposals for the nomenclature of ANA and their clinical significance. Additionally he discusses rare types of fluorescence of nuclei and cytoplasm of HEp-2 cells of which the diagnostic and clinical significance has not been discussed yet.

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