Objective: To describe the patient population referred to rheumatology polyclinic. To estimate the incidence of pediatric rheumatic diseases and frequently of non-rheumatic diseases in Kielce district. Methods: The study was performed retrospectively from 1999 to 2003. Results: Of a total 928 patients, 352 (37.9%) had rheumatological diagnoses. There were 85 (9.1% of total diagnoses) patients with juvenile idiopatic arthritis, collagen vascular diseases – 85 (9.1%), other forms of childhood arthritis – 182 (19.6%). Over 60% of the patients had non-rheumatic diagnoses included: orthopedic conditions – 144 (15.5%), musculoskeletal abnormalities – inborn deformities – 22 (2.4%), other deformities – 99 (10.6%), osteoporosis – 9 (~1%), back pain – 23 (2.5%), other diseases like allergy, upper respiratory tract – 177 (19.7%), without diagnoses – 54 (5.81%). The mean annual incidence of JIA was 6.04, SLE – 0.32, DM – 0.25, sclerodermia – 0.19, vasculitis – 1.03, MCTD – 0.25, UCTD – 0.06 per 100 000 children at risc, respectively. Children without pain usually were referred with high nomination of antystreptococcal antybody. Conclusion: Diagnostic proceedings and medical care of children with rheumatic diseases must made in cooperation with many specialists like orthopedists, oculistics, physiotherapists. To carry out of this study help to planning and complex realisation medical care of children with rheumatic diseases.