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REVIEW PAPER
Magnetic resonance imaging of the musculoskeletal system in the diagnosis of rheumatic diseases in the pediatric population
1
Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Andrzej Frycz Modrzewski Krakow University, Poland
2
Clinical Department of Pediatrics and Rheumatology, St. Louis Regional Specialised Children's Hospital, Krakow, Poland
3
Department of Radiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
Submission date: 2024-05-10
Final revision date: 2024-06-12
Acceptance date: 2024-06-20
Publication date: 2024-07-12
Corresponding author
Joanna Karolina Ożga
Clinical Department of Pediatrics and Rheumatology, St. Louis Regional Specialised Children’s Hospital, 2 Strzelecka St., 31-034 Krakow, Poland
Clinical Department of Pediatrics and Rheumatology, St. Louis Regional Specialised Children’s Hospital, 2 Strzelecka St., 31-034 Krakow, Poland
Reumatologia 2024;62(3):196-206
KEYWORDS
TOPICS
ABSTRACT
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the musculoskeletal system is an examination increasingly performed for suspected juvenile idiopathic arthritis, chronic nonbacterial osteomyelitis and juvenile idiopathic inflammatory myopathies, as well as other rheumatic diseases of developmental age. T1-, T2- and PD-weighted with or without fat suppression or short tau inversion recovery/turbo inversion recovery magnitude (STIR/TIRM) sequences and post-contrast sequences are evaluated to diagnose pathological changes in the synovial membrane, subchondral bone marrow and surrounding soft tissues. Magnetic resonance imaging allows detection of synovitis, tenosynovitis, bursitis, and enthesitis as well as bone marrow edema and soft tissue edema. Several pediatric-specific MRI scoring systems have been developed and validated to standardize and facilitate the assessment of the extent of the inflammatory process and disease activity in MRI. Early detection of inflammatory changes allows the inclusion of comprehensive pharmacotherapy giving the possibility of permanent remission and objective measurement of the effectiveness of treatment.
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