REVIEW PAPER
The place of omega-3 and omega-6 acids in supplementary treatment of inflammatory joint diseases
1
Early Arthritis Clinic, National Institute of Geriatrics, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, Warsaw, Poland
Submission date: 2020-01-29
Final revision date: 2020-02-10
Acceptance date: 2020-02-12
Online publication date: 2020-02-28
Publication date: 2020-02-28
Reumatologia 2020;58(1):34-41
KEYWORDS
TOPICS
ABSTRACT
Eating habits have been analysed for years as a factor influencing the development of autoimmune diseases and susceptibility to infections. On the basis of research, observational studies and meta-analyses, special attention was paid to omega-3 and omega-6 acids. The purpose of the review is to show the importance of omega-3 and omega-6 acids as important ingredients in the healthy diet and as factors protecting against the development of the most common inflammatory rheumatic diseases. The influence of these omega-3 and -6 acids on the course of rheumatic diseases and arguments for their use as complementary therapy are also presented.
REFERENCES (53)
1.
Sparks JA, Chen CY, Hiraki LT, et al. Contributions of familial rheumatoid arthritis or lupus and environmental factors to risk of rheumatoid arthritis in women: a prospective cohort study. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken) 2014; 66: 1438-1446, DOI: 10.1002/acr.22366.
2.
Nguyen UDT, Zhang Y, Lu N, et al. Smoking paradox in the development of psoriatic arthritis among patients with psoriasis: a population-based study. Ann Rheum Dis 2018; 77: 119-123, DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2017-211625.
3.
Love TJ, Zhu Y, Zhang Y, et al. Obesity and the risk of psoriatic arthritis: a population-based study. Ann Rheum Dis 2012; 71: 1273-1277, DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2012-201299.
4.
Højgaard P, Glintborg B, Kristensen LE, et al. The influence of obesity on response to tumor necrosis factor-alpha inhibitors in psoriatic arthritis: results from the DANBIO and ICEBIO registries. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2016; 55: 2191-2199, DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/kew326.
5.
di Minno MN, Peluso R, Iervolino S, et al. Obesity and the prediction of minimal disease activity: a prospective study in psoriatic arthritis. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken) 2013; 65: 141-147, DOI: 10.1002/acr.21711.
6.
Nikiphorou E, Norton S, Young A, et al. The association of obesity with disease activity, functional ability and quality of life in early rheumatoid arthritis: data from the Early Rheumatoid Arthritis Study/Early Rheumatoid Arthritis Network UK prospective cohorts. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2018; 57: 1194-1202, DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/key066.
7.
Di Giuseppe D, Bottai M, Askling J, Wolk A. Physical activity and risk of rheumatoid arthritis in women: a population-based prospective study. Arthritis Res Ther 2015; 17: 40, DOI: 10.1186/s13075-015-0560-2.
8.
Liu X, Tedeschi SK, Lu B, et al. Long-Term Physical Activity and Subsequent Risk for Rheumatoid Arthritis Among Women: A Prospective Cohort Study. Arthritis Rheumatol 2019; 71: 1460-1471, DOI: 10.1002/art.40899.
9.
De Smith M, van de Stadt LA, Janssen KM, et al. Antibodies against Porphyromonas gingivalis in seropositive arthralgia patients do not predict development of rheumatoid arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 2014; 73: 1277-1279, DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis- 2013-204594.
10.
Johansson L, Sherina N, Kharlamova N, et al. Concentration of antibodies against Porphyromonas gingivalis is increased before the onset of symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis, [This article has been corrected] Arthritis Res Ther 2016; 4;18: 257, DOI: 10.1186/s13075-016-1164-1.
11.
Ceccarelli F, Orrú G, Pilloni A, et al. Porphyromonas gingivalis in the tongue biofilm is associated with clinical outcome in rheumatoid arthritis patients. Clin Exp Immunol 2018; 194: 244-252, DOI: 10.1111/cei.13184.
12.
De Luca F, Shoenfeld Y. The microbiome in autoimmune diseases. Clin Exp Immunol 2019; 195: 74-85, DOI: 10.1111/cei.13158.
13.
Abdollahi-Roodsaz S, Abramson SB, Scher JU. The metabolic role of the gut microbiota in health and rheumatic diseases: mechanisms and interventions. Nat Rev Rheumatol 2016; 12: 446-455, DOI: 10.1038/nrrheum.2016.68.
14.
Van de Wiele, Van Praet JT, Marzorati M, et al. How the microbiota shapes rheumatic diseases. Nat Rev Rheumatol 2016; 12: 398-411, DOI: 10.1038/nrrheum.2016.85.
15.
Zhong D, Wu C, Zeng, Wang Q. The role of gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of rheumatic diseases. Clin Rheumatol 2018; 37: 25-34, DOI: 10.1007/s10067-017-3821-4.
16.
Derrien M, Veiga P. Rethinking Diet to Aid Human-Microbe Symbiosis. Trends Microbiol 2017; 25: 100-112, DOI: 10.1016/j.tim.2016.09.011.
17.
Zinöcker M, Lindseth IA. The Western Diet – Microbiome-Host Interaction and Its Role in Metabolic Disease. Nutrients 2018; 10: e 365, DOI: 10.3390/nu10030365.
18.
Sharif K, Amital H, Shoenfeld Y. The role of dietary sodium in autoimmune diseases: The salty truth. Autoimmun Rev 2018; 17: 1069-1073, DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2018.05.007.
19.
Hu Y, Sparks JA, Malspeis S, et al. Long-term dietary quality and risk of developing rheumatoid arthritis in women. Ann Rheum Dis 2017; 76: 1357-1364, DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis- 2016-210431.
20.
Oliviero F, Spinella P, Fiocco U, et al. How the Mediterranean diet and some of its components modulate inflammatory pathways in arthritis. Swiss Med Wkly 2015; 145: w14190, DOI: 10.4414/smw.2015.14190.
21.
Jin Z, Xiang C, Cai Q, et al. Alcohol consumption as a preventive factor for developing rheumatoid arthritis: a dose-response meta-analysis of prospective studies. Ann Rheum Dis 2014; 73: 1962-1967, DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2013-203323.
22.
Hedström AK, Hössjer O, Klareskog L, Alfredsson L. Interplay between alcohol, smoking and HLA genes in RA aetiology. RMD Open 2019; 5: e000893, DOI: 10.1136/rmdopen-2019-000893.
23.
Paolino S, Pacini G, Patanè M, et al. Interactions between microbiota, diet/nutrients and immune/inflammatory response in rheumatic diseases: focus on rheumatoid arthritis. Reumatologia 2019; 57: 151-157, DOI: 10.5114/reum.2019.86425.
24.
Thies F, Garry JM, Yaqoob P, et al. Association of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids with stability of atherosclerotic plaques: a randomized controlled trial. Lancet 2003; 363: 477-485, DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(03)12468-3.
25.
Kris-Etherton PM, Harris WS, Appel LJ, et al. Fish consumption, fish oil, omega-3 fatty acids, and cardiovascular disease. Arterioscler Tromb Vasc Biol 2003; 23: e20-30, DOI: 10.1161/01.atv.0000038493.65177.94.
26.
Sekikawa A, Doyle MF, Kuller LH. Recent findings of long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCn-3 PUFAs) a atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease (CHD) contrasting studies in Western countries to Japan. Trends Cardiovasc Med 2015; 25: 717-723, DOI: 10.1016/j.tcm.2015.03.001.
27.
Barham JB, Edens MB, Fonteh AN, et al. Addition of eicosapentaenoic acid to gamma-linolenic acid-supplemented diets prevnets serum arachidonic acid accumulation in humans. J Nutr 2000; 130: 1925-1931, DOI: 10.1093/jn/130.8.1925.
28.
Sergeant S, Rahbar E, Chilton FH. Gamma-linolenic acid, Dihommo-gamma linolenic, Eicosanoids and Inflammatory Process. Eur J Pharmacol 2016; 785: 77-86, DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2016.04.020.
29.
Harris WS, Bulchandani D. Why do omega-3 fatty acids lower serum triglycerides? Curr Opin Lipidol 2006; 17: 387-393, DOI: 10.1097/01.mol.0000236363.63840.16.
30.
Simopoulos AP. The importance of the omega-6/omega-3 fatty acid ratio in cardiovascular disease and other chronic diseases. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2008; 233: 674-688, DOI: 10.3181/0711-MR-311.
31.
Spîrchez M, Samaşca G, Iancu M, et al. Relation of interleukin-6, TNF-alpha and interleukin-1 alpha with disease activity and severity in juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Clin Lab 2012; 58: 253-260.
32.
Gorczyca D, Postępski J, Czajkowska A, et al. The profile of polyunsaturated fatty acids in juvenile idiopathic arthritis and association with disease activity. Clin Rheumatol 2017; 36: 1269-1279, DOI: 10.1007/s10067-017-3586-9.
33.
Gheita T, Kamel S, Helmy N, et al. Omega-3 fatty acids in juvenile idiopathic arthritis: effect on cytokines (IL-1 and TNF-a), disease activity and response criteria. Clin Rheumatol 2012; 31: 363-366, DOI: 10.1007/s10067-011-1848-5.
34.
Macfarlane TV, Abbood HM, Pathan E, et al. Relationship between diet and ankylosing spondylitis: A systemic review. Eur J Rheumatol 2018; 5: 45-52, DOI: 10.5152/eurjrheum. 2017.16103.
35.
Sundström B, Johansson G, Kokkonen H, et al. Plasma phospholipid fatty acid content is related to disease activity in ankylosing spondylitis. J Rheumatol 2012; 39: 327-333, DOI: 10.3899/jrheum.110575.
36.
Sundström B, Stålnace K, Hagfors L, et al. Supplementation of omega-3 fatty acids in patients with ankylosing spondylitis. Scand J Rheumatol 2006; 35: 359-362, DOI: 10.1080/03009740600844357.
37.
Caso F, Del Puente A, Oliviero F, et al. Metabolic syndrome in psoriatic arthritis: the interplay with cutaneous involvement. Evidence from literature and recent cross-sectional study. Clin Rheumatol 2018; 37: 579-586, DOI: 10.1007/s10067-017-3975-0.
38.
Souza CS, de Castro CCS, Carneiro FRO, et al. Metabolic syndrome and psoriatic arthritis among patients with psoriasis vulgaris: Quality of life and prevalence. J Dermatol 2019; 46: 3-10, DOI: 10.1111/1346-8138.14706.
39.
Kristensen S, Schmidt EB, Schlemmer A, et al. The effect of marine n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on cardiac autonomic and hemodynamic function in patients with psoriatic arthritis: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Lipids Health and Dis 2016; 15: 216, DOI: 10.1186/s12944-016-0382-5.
40.
Kristensen S, Schmidt EB, Schlemmer A, et al. Beneficial effect of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on inflammation and analgesic use in psoriatic arthritis: a randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled trial. Scand J Rheumatol 2018; 47: 27-36, DOI: 10.1080/03009742.2017.1287304.
41.
Park MK, Li W, Paek SY, et al. Consumption of polyunsaturated fatty acids and risk of incident psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis from the Nurses’ Health Study II. Br J Dermatol 2017; 177: 302-306, DOI: 10.1111/bjd.15059.
42.
Lourdudoss C, Wolk A, Nise L, et al. Are dietary vitamin D, omega-3 fatty acids and folate associated with treatment results in patients with early rheumatoid arthritis? Data from a Swedish population-based prospective study. BMJ Open 2017; 7: e016154, DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-016154.
43.
Rajaei E, Mowla K, Ghorbani A, et al. The effects of Omega-3 Fatty Acids in Patients With Active Rheumatoid Arthritis Receiving DMARDs Therapy: Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial. Glob J Health Sci 2015; 8: 18-25, DOI: 10.5539/gjhs.v8n7p18.
44.
Veselinovic M, Vasiljevic D, Vucic V, et al. Clinical Benefits of n-3 PUFA and g-Linolenic Acid in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis. Nutrients 2017; 9, e325, DOI: 10.3390/nu9040325.
45.
Proudman SM, Cleland LG, Metcalf RG, et al. Plasma n-3 fatty acids and clinical outcomes in recent-onset rheumatoid arthritis. Br J Nutr 2015; 114: 885-890, DOI: 10.1017/S0007114515002718.
46.
Gioxari A, Kaliora AC, Marantidou F, Panagiotakos DP. Intake of w-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: A systemic review and meta-analysis. Nutrition 2018; 45: 114-124, DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2017.06.023.
47.
de Pablo P, Romaguera D, Fisk HL, et al. High erythrocyte levels of the n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid linoleic acid are associated with lower risk of subsequent rheumatoid arthritis in southern European nested case-control study. Ann Rheum Dis 2018; 77: 981-987, DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2017-212274.
48.
Tomic-Smiljanic M, Vasiljevic D, Tomic-Lucic A, et al. Influence of different supplementation on platelet aggregation in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Clin Rheumatol 2019; 38: 2443-2450, DOI: 10.1007/s10067-019-04569-3.
49.
Papas A, Singh M, Singh M. The effect of a Unique Omega-3 Supplement on Dry Mouth and Dry Eye in Sjögren’s Patients. IOVS 2007; 48: 377, DOI: 10.1186/ISRCTN10758297.
50.
Hemandez-Molina G, Castrejón-Morales C, Granados-Portillo O, et al. Omega-3 and Omega-6 Fatty Acids in Sjögren’s syndrome: clinical implications and their association with inflammation. Ann Rheum Dis 2019; 78: 798, DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2019-eular.5646.
51.
Stamostegiou J, Theodoris X, Ganachoriti V, et al. The role of the Mediterranean diet in hyperuricemia and gout. Mediterr J Rheumatol 2018; 29: 21-25.
52.
Ayoub-Charette S, Lui Q, Khan TA, et al. Important food sources of fructose-containing sugars and incident gout: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. BMJ Open 2019; 9: e024171, DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-024171.
53.
Zhang M, Zhang Y, Terkeltaub R, et al. Effect of Dietary and Supplemental Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids on Risk of Recurrent Gout Flares. Arthritis Rheumatol 2019; 71: 1580-1586, DOI: 10.1002/art.40896.
Copyright: © Narodowy Instytut Geriatrii, Reumatologii i Rehabilitacji w Warszawie. This is an Open Access journal, all articles are distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0) License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/), allowing third parties to copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format and to remix, transform, and build upon the material, provided the original work is properly cited and states its license.
Share
RELATED ARTICLE
| eISSN: | 2084-9834 |
| ISSN: | 0034-6233 |
We process personal data collected when visiting the website. The function of obtaining information about users and their behavior is carried out by voluntarily entered information in forms and saving cookies in end devices. Data, including cookies, are used to provide services, improve the user experience and to analyze the traffic in accordance with the Privacy policy. Data are also collected and processed by Google Analytics tool (more).
You can change cookies settings in your browser. Restricted use of cookies in the browser configuration may affect some functionalities of the website.
You can change cookies settings in your browser. Restricted use of cookies in the browser configuration may affect some functionalities of the website.
