Positron emission tomography (PET) as a way of metabolic imaging plays a major role in the diagnostic process and the monitoring of neoplasmatic diseases. However, it seems that many patients suffering from non-malignant diseases such as inflammatory and infectious diseases, may also benefit from the new achievements of this non-invasive diagnostic method. Large vessels vasculitis such as Takayasu’s arteritis and giant cell arteritis may potentially extend the field of PET indications. The aim of the present article is to present the potential role of the PET in the management of large vessel vasculitis on the basis of the current literature data.