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ORIGINAL PAPER
Translation and cross-cultural adaptation of the Polish Central Sensitization Inventory
 
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1
Clinic of Rehabilitation, National Institute of Geriatrics, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, Warsaw, Poland
 
2
Clinic of Rehabilitation, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland
 
3
Department of Neurology and Stroke, District Hospital in Chrzanow, Poland
 
4
Profesor Tadeusz Bilikiewicz Voivodship Psychiatric Hospital, Gdansk, Poland
 
5
Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Medical Center for Postgraduate Education, Warsaw, Poland
 
6
Scientific Circle of Clinic of Rehabilitation, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland
 
 
Submission date: 2019-04-23
 
 
Final revision date: 2019-06-06
 
 
Acceptance date: 2019-06-09
 
 
Online publication date: 2019-06-28
 
 
Publication date: 2019-06-28
 
 
Reumatologia 2019;57(3):129-134
 
KEYWORDS
TOPICS
ABSTRACT
Objectives:
The Central Sensitization Inventory (CSI) is a new, simple clinimetric instrument intended to help doctors who deal with pain of unclear origin. It may be particularly useful when there is a large component of neuropathic pain and to assess non-specific symptoms associated with the phenomenon of central sensitization known under the common name of the central sensitization syndrome. The aim of this study is to perform translation of the CSI into Polish, its cultural adaptation and its preparation for further validation. The proposed adaptation of the scale may be applied both at the clinical level and at the level of primary care.

Material and methods:
The CSI translation process took place in several stages. Firstly, the text of the questionnaire was translated from English to Polish by five independent translators. Secondly, the optimal version of the text was determined and, at the third stage, it was submitted to a linguist in order to assess it in the context of the idiomatic and semantic clarity. Thirdly, the translation was passed on to a native speaker who verified the congruence of the Polish translation with its original version. At a later stage, the effect of translating the scale and its usefulness were discussed by a group of experts in order to adapt a cultural tool. The final step was to provide it to be completed and evaluated by twenty anonymous patients with the aim of pre-assessing the level of its understanding.

Results:
The final result of the undertaken activities is the Polish version of the CSI ready for validation.

Conclusions:
After the multistage preparation and thorough verification of the Polish questionnaire at conceptual, empirical, semantic and idiomatic levels, necessary due to numerous cultural and linguistic differences, the Polish translation of the CSI seems to be a product ready for further validation and introduction to clinical practice.

 
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Copyright: © Narodowy Instytut Geriatrii, Reumatologii i Rehabilitacji w Warszawie. This is an Open Access journal, all articles are distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0) License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/), allowing third parties to copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format and to remix, transform, and build upon the material, provided the original work is properly cited and states its license.
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