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ORIGINAL PAPER
Analysis of periodontal status in Polish patients with rheumatoid arthritis treated with biological therapies
1
Private Dental Practice Joanna Samborska, Poznan, Poland
2
Department of Rheumatology, Rehabilitation and Internal Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poland
3
Chair and Department of Dental Surgery, Periodontology, and Oral Mucosa Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poland
These authors had equal contribution to this work
Submission date: 2024-06-27
Final revision date: 2024-09-25
Acceptance date: 2024-10-13
Online publication date: 2024-11-09
Corresponding author
Marzena Liliana Wyganowska
Chair and Department of Dental Surgery, Periodontology, and Oral Mucosa Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 70 Bukowska St., 60-812 Poznan, Poland, e-mail: marzena.wyganowska@periona.pl
Chair and Department of Dental Surgery, Periodontology, and Oral Mucosa Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 70 Bukowska St., 60-812 Poznan, Poland, e-mail: marzena.wyganowska@periona.pl
KEYWORDS
TOPICS
Infection related rheumatoid diseasesAssessment of disease activity and quality of life in rheumatic diseases
ABSTRACT
Introduction:
Periodontitis, characterized by inflammation affecting the tooth-supporting tissues, may increase the risk of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) or cardiovascular diseases. The aim of the study was to evaluate the periodontal status in RA patients and its impact on the inflammatory markers and red cell parameters obtained from complete blood laboratory tests to study the risk of cardiovascular disease development.
Material and methods:
The cross-sectional study included 50 patients with RA treated with biological therapies: tumor necrosis factor inhibitors, interleukin-6 blockers. Rheumatoid arthritis disease activity was assessed with Disease Activity Score with 28-joint count (DAS28). The periodontal indices modified Approximal Periodontal Index, modified Papillary Bleeding Index, and Periodontal Screening Index (PSI) were used to assess patients’ periodontal status. Serum levels of erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C-reactive protein (CRP) were used as inflammatory markers and a potential cardiovascular risk factor.
Results:
No statistically significant correlation was found between the periodontal status and RA activity. However, a statistically significant correlation was found between the CRP results and the PSI scores (R = –0.264510, p = 0.048837). Evaluation of the red cell parameters showed statistically significant differences in the markers of inflammation ESR (R = 0.369398, p = 0.008289) and CRP (R = 0.367405, p = 0.008672). Red cell distribution width values were also correlated with RA activity (R = 0.286387, p = 0.043769) and duration of the disease (R = 0.339425, p = 0.015889).
Conclusions:
A satisfactory periodontal status was found in most of the study group. Increased CRP levels in patients with periodontitis may indicate the negative impact of periodontal status on the general clinical condition of the patient.
Periodontitis, characterized by inflammation affecting the tooth-supporting tissues, may increase the risk of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) or cardiovascular diseases. The aim of the study was to evaluate the periodontal status in RA patients and its impact on the inflammatory markers and red cell parameters obtained from complete blood laboratory tests to study the risk of cardiovascular disease development.
Material and methods:
The cross-sectional study included 50 patients with RA treated with biological therapies: tumor necrosis factor inhibitors, interleukin-6 blockers. Rheumatoid arthritis disease activity was assessed with Disease Activity Score with 28-joint count (DAS28). The periodontal indices modified Approximal Periodontal Index, modified Papillary Bleeding Index, and Periodontal Screening Index (PSI) were used to assess patients’ periodontal status. Serum levels of erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C-reactive protein (CRP) were used as inflammatory markers and a potential cardiovascular risk factor.
Results:
No statistically significant correlation was found between the periodontal status and RA activity. However, a statistically significant correlation was found between the CRP results and the PSI scores (R = –0.264510, p = 0.048837). Evaluation of the red cell parameters showed statistically significant differences in the markers of inflammation ESR (R = 0.369398, p = 0.008289) and CRP (R = 0.367405, p = 0.008672). Red cell distribution width values were also correlated with RA activity (R = 0.286387, p = 0.043769) and duration of the disease (R = 0.339425, p = 0.015889).
Conclusions:
A satisfactory periodontal status was found in most of the study group. Increased CRP levels in patients with periodontitis may indicate the negative impact of periodontal status on the general clinical condition of the patient.
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Copyright: © Narodowy Instytut Geriatrii, Reumatologii i Rehabilitacji w Warszawie. This is an Open Access journal, all articles are distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0) License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/), allowing third parties to copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format and to remix, transform, and build upon the material, provided the original work is properly cited and states its license.
| eISSN: | 2084-9834 |
| ISSN: | 0034-6233 |
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