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ORIGINAL PAPER
Utility of fragility fracture prediction tools in a group of postmenopausal women
1
Rehabilitation Clinic, Institute of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
2
Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
3
Healthy Statistic, Krakow, Poland
Submission date: 2021-04-19
Final revision date: 2021-07-06
Acceptance date: 2021-07-16
Online publication date: 2021-08-20
Publication date: 2021-09-02
Reumatologia 2021;59(4):230-236
KEYWORDS
TOPICS
ABSTRACT
Introduction:
Fractures are a common complication of osteoporosis. The main aim of our study was to assess the relation between fractures identified as low energy fractures (fragility), bone mineral density (BMD), trabecular bone score (TBS), and handgrip in a group of postmenopausal women. An additional aim was to determine the relation between fragility fractures and age, height loss, and falls (reported in the last 12 months and 5 years).
Material and methods:
The study was conducted in a group of 120 (mean age 69 years; 59–81, SD 5.3) postmenopausal patients who were referred to the Medical Centre for an osteoporosis screening appointment by their general practitioner. All patients were interviewed (with a questionnaire containing questions on fracture risk factors and highest height), had their anthropometric measures taken (current height and weight) as well as TBS analysis following their DXA (dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry) scan and handgrip measure.
Results:
Sixty patients from the study group had a history of fractures (with a total of 92 fractures), of whom 39 women (76 fractures) were identified as those with a low-energy fracture. Fragility fractures were more likely to be reported in older patients (Me 71 vs. 68 years, p < 0.05). Differences observed between TBS, handgrip and BMD in reference to fragility fractures were not statistically significant. Analysis showed significant correlations between BMD (neck and L1–L4) and TBS fracture risk categories. Falls reported in the last 5 years and height loss were factors which correlated with fragility fractures (p < 0.05).
Conclusions:
Risk of fragility fractures increases with age. Bone mineral density is insufficient as a fracture risk assessment tool. Information on falls and height loss may provide additional data on fracture risk assessment.
Fractures are a common complication of osteoporosis. The main aim of our study was to assess the relation between fractures identified as low energy fractures (fragility), bone mineral density (BMD), trabecular bone score (TBS), and handgrip in a group of postmenopausal women. An additional aim was to determine the relation between fragility fractures and age, height loss, and falls (reported in the last 12 months and 5 years).
Material and methods:
The study was conducted in a group of 120 (mean age 69 years; 59–81, SD 5.3) postmenopausal patients who were referred to the Medical Centre for an osteoporosis screening appointment by their general practitioner. All patients were interviewed (with a questionnaire containing questions on fracture risk factors and highest height), had their anthropometric measures taken (current height and weight) as well as TBS analysis following their DXA (dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry) scan and handgrip measure.
Results:
Sixty patients from the study group had a history of fractures (with a total of 92 fractures), of whom 39 women (76 fractures) were identified as those with a low-energy fracture. Fragility fractures were more likely to be reported in older patients (Me 71 vs. 68 years, p < 0.05). Differences observed between TBS, handgrip and BMD in reference to fragility fractures were not statistically significant. Analysis showed significant correlations between BMD (neck and L1–L4) and TBS fracture risk categories. Falls reported in the last 5 years and height loss were factors which correlated with fragility fractures (p < 0.05).
Conclusions:
Risk of fragility fractures increases with age. Bone mineral density is insufficient as a fracture risk assessment tool. Information on falls and height loss may provide additional data on fracture risk assessment.
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Copyright: © Narodowy Instytut Geriatrii, Reumatologii i Rehabilitacji w Warszawie. This is an Open Access journal, all articles are distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0) License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/), allowing third parties to copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format and to remix, transform, and build upon the material, provided the original work is properly cited and states its license.
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